System and method for assessing urinary function

ABSTRACT

A system and method for assessing urinary function is provided. The system includes a processor, a tubing assembly forming a first fluid conduit between a first fluid inlet and a first fluid outlet, and an insert member having a channel therethrough and coupled to the first fluid outlet so that fluid flowing through the first fluid conduit may flow through the insert member. The insert member is dimensioned for at least partial insertion into a patient&#39;s urethral canal distal of the patient&#39;s urethral sphincter, and dimensioned so that, when inserted, it substantially blocks fluid flow into or out of the urethral canal other than through the insert member channel. The system further includes a fluid delivery device electrically coupled to and controlled by the processor, and coupled to the first fluid conduit for pumping fluid therethrough, and a pressure detection system for detecting pressure within the urethral canal distal of the urethral sphincter and providing information correlating to the detected pressure to the processor. The method includes coupling the test module to the control device, inserting the insert member into a patient, infusing fluid through the insert member until the urethral sphincter opens, and measuring pressure within the urethral canal as fluid is infused therein. Also provided is a test module for coupling to a control device to form a system for assessing urinary function.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] The present invention claims the benefit of earlier filed UnitedStates provisional patent applications, serial No. 60/302,069, filed onJun. 29, 2001 and 60/372,579, filed on Apr. 12, 2002, which are bothincorporated by reference in their entirety herein.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The present invention relates generally to a system and a methodfor assessing urinary function. More particularly, the system and methodis used for testing the integrity of the urinary system for diagnosticpurposes and for use with therapies to correct urinary incontinence.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] Women account for more than 11 million of incontinence cases.Moreover, a majority of women with incontinence suffer from stressurinary incontinence (SUI). Women with SUI involuntarily lose urineduring normal daily activities and movements, such as laughing,coughing, sneezing and regular exercise.

[0004] SUI may be caused by a functional defect of the tissue orligaments connecting the vaginal wall with the pelvic muscles and pubicbone. Common causes include repetitive straining of the pelvic muscles,childbirth, loss of pelvic muscle tone and estrogen loss. Such a defectresults in an improperly functioning urethra. Unlike other types ofincontinence, SUI is not a problem of the bladder.

[0005] Normally, the urethra, when properly supported by strong pelvicfloor muscles and healthy connective tissue, maintains a tight seal toprevent involuntary loss of urine. When a woman suffers from the mostcommon form of SUI, however, weakened muscle and pelvic tissues areunable to adequately support the urethra in its correct position. As aresult, during normal movements when pressure is exerted on the bladderfrom the diaphragm, the urethra cannot retain its seal, permitting urineto escape. Because SUI is both embarrassing and unpredictable, manywomen with SUI avoid an active lifestyle, shying away from socialsituations.

[0006] SUI is categorized into three types. Type I and Type II aredirected to urethral hypermobility. Type III is directed to intrinsicsphincter deficiency (ISD). Diagnosis of ISD requires urodynamicevaluation. Urodynamic evaluation involves complex and invasiveequipment and often requires referral to a specialist trained inurodynamic evaluation.

[0007] Existing diagnostic systems all require a catheter be passedtrans-urethraly to measure pressure, such as Leak Point Pressure (LPP)or Urethral Pressure Profile (UPP). An exemplary system is disclosed inpublication (WO 0023127). Detection of LPP requires that a pressuresensor and catheter be passed trans-urethrally. The bladder is filled,and pressure is recorded. Fluid leakage from the urethral opening(meatus) corresponds to the maximum pressure the urethral sphincter canresist, or LPP. During the UPP measurement procedure a pressure sensortipped catheter is placed trans-urethral into the bladder and thenwithdrawn at a constant velocity. The pressure profile along theurethra, from bladder neck to meatus is recorded.

[0008] Other parameters may also be measured, such as abdominal pressureand urinary flow. A cystometrogram (CMG) is a pressure study thatsimultaneously measures intra-abdominal, total bladder, and truedetrusor pressures. Uroflometry measures urine flow rate visually,electronically, or via a disposable system. Video Urodynamic Systemsalso exist that simultaneously measure parameters, as described above,with radiographic visualization of the lower urinary-tract.

[0009] Existing urodynamic evaluation systems are complex, expensive,and require extensive training. Furthermore, existing urodynamic systemsoften require at least 30 minutes to complete a test. This exceeds thetime available for most standard physician office visits and results inreferral to a specialist. No urodynamic system exists that can quicklyand inexpensively record useful urodynamic measures, without passing acatheter or instrument trans-urethraly.

[0010] There remains a need for an improved system and method forassessing urinary function.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0011] A system is provided for assessing urinary function including aprocessor, a tubing assembly forming a first fluid conduit between afirst fluid inlet and a first fluid outlet, and an insert member havinga channel therethrough and coupled to the first fluid outlet so thatfluid flowing through the first fluid conduit may flow through theinsert member. The insert member is also dimensioned for at leastpartial insertion into a patient's urethral canal distal of thepatient's urethral sphincter, and dimensioned to substantially blockfluid flow into or out of the urethral canal other than through theinsert member channel. The system also includes a fluid delivery deviceelectrically coupled to and controlled by the processor, and coupled tothe first fluid conduit for pumping fluid therethrough, and a detectionsystem for detecting resistance of the urethral sphincter as fluid isinfused therein. According to one embodiment, the detection system is apressure detection system for detecting pressure within the urethralcanal distal of the urethral sphincter as fluid is infused therein, andproviding information correlating to the detected pressure to theprocessor.

[0012] According to an alternate embodiment, the pressure detectionsystem is in fluid communication with the first fluid conduit at alocation such that the pressure within the first fluid conduitsubstantially correlates to pressure within the urethral canal distal ofthe urethral sphincter, and in yet another embodiment, the pressuredetection system detects the Urethral Resistance Pressure.

[0013] In yet another embodiment, the system further includes a displaydevice electrically coupled to the processor and capable of displayingdata, and in yet another embodiment, the pressure detection systemdetects Urethral Resistance Pressure and the Urethral ResistancePressure is displayed on the display device.

[0014] Also provided is a system for assessing urinary functionincluding a control device including a processor and pump deviceelectrically coupled to and controlled by the processor, a test moduleremovably coupled to the control device and including a tubing assemblyincluding a first fluid conduit between a first fluid inlet and a firstfluid outlet, and an insert member coupled to the first fluid outlet andhaving a channel therethrough in communication with the first fluidconduit such that fluid flowing through the first fluid conduit may flowthrough the insert member. The insert member is dimensioned for at leastpartial insertion into a patient's urethral canal at a location distalof the patient's urethral sphincter, and is dimensioned to substantiallyblock fluid flow into and out of the urethral canal other than throughthe insert member channel. The system further includes a detectionsystem for detecting resistance of the urethral sphincter as fluid isinfused therein. In one embodiment, the detection system is a pressuredetection system capable of detecting pressure within the urethral canaldistal of the urethral sphincter as fluid is pumped therein. The pumpdevice is coupled with the first fluid conduit and capable of pumpingfluid through the first fluid conduit and insert member channel and intothe urethral canal distal of the urethral sphincter, and the pressuredetection system is capable of detecting pressure in the urethral canaldistal of the urethral sphincter as fluid is pumped therein.

[0015] A method is also provided for assessing urinary functionincluding the step of coupling a test module to a control device, thetest module including a tubing assembly having a first fluid conduitbetween a first fluid inlet and a first fluid outlet, and an insertmember coupled to the first fluid outlet and having a channeltherethrough in communication with the first fluid conduit so that fluidflowing through the first fluid conduit can flow through the insertmember. The method also includes the steps of coupling the first fluidinlet to a fluid source; inserting the insert member at least partiallyinto a patient's urethral canal at a location distal of the urethralsphincter so as to substantially block fluid flow into or out of theurethral canal other than through the insert member channel; infusingfluid from the fluid source into the urethral canal through the firstfluid conduit and insert member until the urethral sphincter opens; andmeasuring resistance of the urethral sphincter at a location distal ofthe urethral sphincter as fluid is being infused therein.

[0016] In another embodiment, the measuring step includes measuringUrethral Resistance Pressure, and in yet another embodiment, furtherincludes the step of displaying the Urethral Resistance Pressureinformation on a display device.

[0017] Also provided is a method for assessing urinary functionincluding the steps of inserting an insert member having a channeltherethrough at least partially into a patient's urethral canal at alocation distal of the urethral sphincter, the insert member beingdimensioned to substantially block fluid flow into and out of theurethral canal other than through the insert member channel; infusingfluid from a fluid source through the insert member channel and into theurethral canal at a location distal of the patient's urethral sphincteruntil the urethral sphincter opens; measuring pressure within theurethral canal at a location distal of the urethral sphincter as fluidis being infused therein; and providing data correlating to the measuredpressure to a processor.

[0018] A test module is also provided for coupling with a controldevice. The test module includes a test module housing including aplurality of tabs projecting therefrom, the tabs being configured forengagement with the control device, and a tubing assembly located atleast partially within the test module housing and including a firstfluid conduit between a first fluid inlet and a first fluid outlet. Thetest module also includes an insert member dimensioned for insertioninto a patient's urethral canal distal of the patient's urethralsphincter. The insertion member is coupled to the first fluid outlet andhas a channel therethrough in communication with the first fluid outletso that fluid flowing through the first fluid conduit may flow throughthe insert member. The insertion member is further dimensioned tosubstantially block fluid flow into or out of the urethral canal otherthan through the insert member channel.

[0019] Further, a test module is provided for coupling with a controldevice having a pressure sensor. The test module includes a tubingassembly defining a first fluid conduit between a first fluid inletcapable of being coupled with a fluid source and a first fluid outletand an insert member coupled to the first fluid outlet and having achannel therethrough in communication with the first fluid conduit suchthat fluid flowing through the first fluid conduit may flow through theinsert member. The insert member is dimensioned for at least partialinsertion into a patient's urethral canal distal of the patient'surethral sphincter, and dimensioned to substantially block fluid flowinto or out of the urethral canal other than through the insert memberchannel. The test module further includes a pressure interface in fluidcommunication with the first fluid conduit, wherein when the test moduleis coupled to the control device, the pressure interface providespressure information to the control device pressure sensor.

[0020] These and other features and advantages of the present inventionwill become apparent from the following more detailed description, whentaken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings which illustrate, byway of example, the principles of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021]FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a one embodiment of a portablemedical system according to the present invention;

[0022]FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of a control device accordingto the present invention;

[0023]FIG. 3 is a rear perspective view of the control device of FIG. 2;

[0024]FIG. 4 is a front elevational view of a control device inaccordance with the present invention attached to a pole;

[0025]FIG. 4a is an exploded perspective view of one embodiment of apole attachment mechanism;

[0026]FIG. 4b is a rear perspective view of the pole attachmentmechanism of FIG. 4a;

[0027]FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view illustrating interaction ofa control device identification mechanism and module identificationcomponents;

[0028]FIG. 5a is a schematic cross-sectional view taken across line 5a-5 a of FIG. 5 prior to engagement of the control device with the testmodule;

[0029]FIG. 5b is a schematic cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 5ashowing engagement of the control device with the test module;

[0030]FIG. 6 is a front perspective view of a module according to thepresent invention;

[0031]FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of controldevice electronics assembly;

[0032]FIGS. 8a-8 i are flow diagrams illustrating operation of controldevice software and graphical user interface components;

[0033]FIG. 9 is an alternate embodiment of a medical system according tothe present disclosure;—

[0034]FIG. 10 is a schematic representation of a portable medical systemincluding an SUI module;

[0035]FIG. 10a is a partial cross-sectional view of one embodiment of aportable medical system including an SUI module;

[0036]FIG. 11a is a side elevational view and partial cross-section ofone embodiment of a hand actuator in an assembled configuration;

[0037]FIG. 11b is a side elevational view and partial cross-section ofthe hand actuator of FIG. 11 a in an unassembled configuration;

[0038]FIG. 11c is a side elevational view and partial cross-section ofthe hand actuator of FIG. 11 a in an operational mode;

[0039]FIG. 11d is an alternative embodiment of a hand actuator accordingto the present invention;

[0040]FIG. 12 is an enlarged perspective view of one embodiment of ameatus plug device;

[0041]FIG. 13 is a schematic view of illustrating one embodiment of aurodynamic system in relation to a female urinary/reproductive system;

[0042]FIG. 14 is a schematic view illustrating internal components ofone embodiment of a system including a SCMG module;

[0043] FIGS. 15-16 are schematic views of the system of FIG. 14 inrelation to a female urinary/reproductive system;

[0044]FIG. 17 is a schematic view illustrating one internal componentsof one embodiment of a system including a CCMG module;

[0045] FIGS. 18-19 are schematic views of the system of FIG. 17 inrelation to a female urinary/reproductive system;

[0046]FIG. 20 is a flow diagram illustrating steps for using the systemof FIG. 10;

[0047]FIG. 21 is a flow diagram illustrating steps for using the systemof FIG. 14;

[0048]FIG. 22 is a flow diagram illustrating steps for using the systemof FIG. 17;

[0049]FIG. 23 is a perspective view of one embodiment of an inputpendant according to the present invention;

[0050]FIG. 24 is a schematic view illustrating internal components ofone embodiment of a system including a Uroflowmetry module;

[0051]FIG. 25 is a schematic view illustrating use of the system of FIG.24;

[0052]FIG. 26 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a vaginalspeculum assembly in accordance the present invention;

[0053]FIG. 27 is an exploded perspective view of the vaginal speculumassembly of FIG. 26;

[0054]FIG. 28 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a urodynamicsystem and speculum assembly in relation to the femaleurinary/reproductive system; and

[0055]FIG. 29 is an exploded perspective view of a battery chargermodule that can be used in conjunction with the control device.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0056]FIGS. 1 through 26 illustrate generally various systems andmethods for assessing urinary function and/or components of such systemsand methods.

[0057] Although the systems and methods disclosed herein are describedin detail in relation to the female urinary system, it is to beunderstood that the present invention can readily be adapted for use inassessing male urinary function as well. Further, those skilled in theart will recognize that inventive principles, apparatus and methodsdisclosed herein may also have application to assessing function inother areas, such as coronary function or pulmonary function. Thepresent invention is to be limited only by the claims set forth herein.

[0058] Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, one embodiment of a portablemedical system 100 is illustrated having particular application forassessing urinary function. The system 100 includes a control device 102that controls operation of the system, at least one module 104 that canbe removably coupled to the control device, at least one input device,such as the illustrated input pendant 106 and/or keypad 108, and atleast one output device, such as the illustrated display screen 110. Aswill be described in more detail below, the control device 102 isdesigned to be removably coupled to any one of a plurality of testingmodules 104 at any given time. As each module is uniquely suited tosupport a different type of diagnostic test or medical procedure, theresulting diagnostic system is not only readily portable, but is alsoextremely versatile in that the single control device, in conjunctionwith a plurality of small test modules, is capable of performing anarray of diagnostic tests or other procedures. The system has particularapplication useful for assessing urinary function in that it provides aportable, modular system in contrast to the non-portable, expensive, andcumbersome equipment that is currently used for assessing urinaryfunction. In addition, as will also be described in greater detailbelow, the present invention can perform tests quicker, and in a mannerthat is less uncomfortable and less invasive for a patient.

[0059] The control device 102 includes a housing 112 for housing variouscomponents, including one or more batteries 114, an electronics assembly116, a pump device 118 including a motor, and various other circuitry.Batteries supply power to the control device 102, and are containedwithin a battery compartment 120 that is accessible by removing thebattery cover 122 that forms part of the housing 112. The control devicefurther includes an input keypad 108 for allowing a user to input data(such as patient name or other identifier, numeric identifiers, patienthistory, date etc.) and an input pendant 106 including one or moreswitches 124 that allow user input of additional information (i.e.,event input based on patient feedback), and an activation switch 126 forturning the device on and off. The pump device 118 and at least onepressure transducer 128 are also contained within the housing. The pumpdevice is electrically coupled to the battery and the electronicsassembly, and the pressure transducer is electrically coupled to theelectronics assembly. The control device 102 may also include a polemounting mechanism 400 for mounting the control device on a pole such asthe pole of an IV solution caddy 402 including a hook 404. Oneembodiment of a pole mounting mechanism is illustrated in FIGS. 4a and 4b. The device may also include an interface 130 including appropriateelectrical pinouts to enable the control device to communicate forpurposes of battery recharging or printing of patient test data.

[0060] As indicated above, any one of a plurality of modules 104, suchas diagnostic test modules, can be removably coupled to the controldevice 102, and the control device is designed to uniquely identify theattached module, and perform routines specific to that module. Thus, thecontrol device includes a module detection mechanism 500 capable ofidentifying the attached module that is electrically coupled to theelectronics assembly (see FIG. 5). This module detection mechanismincludes one or more identification probes 502 that project from theinterface side 132 of the control device and are electrically coupled tothe electronics assembly. The modules 104 may include one or moreapertures in the module housing 506 that are designed to receive thereinthe identification probes when the module is removably coupled to thecontrol device. When so coupled, the identification probes will bridgeone or more module identification elements or components 504, such asresistors, capacitors, fuses or other suitable electronic components,present within the module. The identification probes are electricallycoupled to the electronics assembly 116 (described more fully below),which determines a value, such as resistance, associated with the moduleidentification element(s) that they bridge. Each module is designed tohave a value so that identification of this value by the electronicscontrol assembly enables the control device to uniquely identify theattached module. In a preferred embodiment, the control device mayinclude one or more sets of identification probes 502 at differentlocations, and different modules have a module identification components504 at different locations. The location, as detected by the controldevice, identifies the attached module. In yet another embodiment, themodule identification component(s) may be coupled to an exterior side ofthe module housing so that apertures in the module housing are notrequired.

[0061] The module further includes at least one coupling element 600 forremovably coupling the module to the control unit (see FIG. 6). In theillustrated embodiment, the module includes four coupling elementsplaced toward the ends of each of the front and rear faces 602, 604 ofthe test module. Each coupling element contains a tab element 606 thatengages a corresponding ridge 607 (best seen in FIG. 5) on an interiorsurface of the control device when the module is removably coupled tothe control device. To couple the module to the control unit, thecoupling elements are depressed slightly in the direction indicated bythe arrow in FIG. 6. The module is then aligned with the control deviceas shown in FIG. 1, and the coupling elements released to allowengagement with the corresponding ridges described above. The module cansubsequently be removed from the control unit by once again depressingthe coupling elements and removing the module from the control device.

[0062] Finally, the module housing 506 includes first 608 and possiblysecond 610 ports therein as shown in FIG. 6. Each of the first andsecond ports are configured so as to define a recess capable ofreceiving a control device pressure sensor, such as a pressuretransducer, therein when the module is coupled to the control device.For example, a first control device pressure transducer 128 is receivedwithin the first port recess 608 and comes in physical contact with apressure interface 1024 (see FIG. 10) so that pressure changes at thepressure interface can be transmitted to and detected by pressuretransducer 128 and converted to electrical signals that are sent to theelectronics assembly for interpretation. Similarly, the second port 610also defines a recess capable of receiving therein a second controldevice pressure transducer 1030. The first and second ports are furtherconfigured to form an airtight seal with the control device when coupledthereto, preferably by incorporating sealing elements such as gaskets orthe like. Individual modules and their operation in conjunction with thecontrol device will be described in greater detail below.

[0063] As indicated above, contained within the housing 112 of thecontrol device 102 is an electronics assembly 116 (see FIG. 7) that isdesigned to control operation of the pump device 118, to acquire andformat data from the pressure transducer(s), to drive a display 110and/or other output device, and to accept and interpret input data, suchas from switches 108, 126, and/or 124. The electronics assembly 116consists of an integrated circuit board 702, hardware interfaces to thepump device 708, pressure transducer 706, 707, display 709 and switches703, 704 and 705; and a microprocessor 710. The microprocessor 710serves as the main controller for the diagnostic system and is supportedby the custom integrated circuit 702 and powered by the batteries. Alsoincluded are interface connection elements including an electronicmodule identification connection 712 to the electronic detectionmechanism 500, and electronic connections 714 that enable downloading ofdata to a printer or other external device.

[0064] The microprocessor 710 is programmed with a custom program file.In the illustrated embodiment, this software has multiple functions.First is the acquisition of input from the operator. This input data iscaptured from the input keypad 108, and/or switches 124, 126, pressuretransducer(s) or other input device, depending upon which test module isin use. The software also controls operation of the pump device 118.Input data is interpreted and appropriate signals are sent to the pumpdevice motor via the integrated circuit board 702. Yet another functionis to acquire and condition data from the pressure transducer(s). Thisdata is then sent in the appropriate format to the display 110, alongwith applicable pump device data in the form of volume or timeinformation. Finally, as indicated above, the software receives inputfrom the module detection mechanism 500 and interprets this input todetermine which test module is coupled to the control device.

[0065]FIGS. 8a-8 i are flow diagrams illustrating operation of thediagnostic system software and features of the system graphical useinterface for a preferred embodiment of the invention. When the systemis powered on, the user is first presented with a welcome screen. Whilethis screen is being displayed the system is undergoing a self-testroutine 802 to test the integrity of system hardware and softwarecomponents. Upon completion of this routine, the user is provided withinformation relating to the amount of available system memory 804.Following the pressing of any key 806 on input device 108 by the user,the system identifies the attached module 808 as described above, andfollowing such identification, the processor executes a softwaresubroutine specific to the identified module. For each softwaresubroutine, however, a main menu is displayed next, such as thatindicated by reference numeral 810. In the illustrated embodiment, themain menu includes six possible selections. “Utilities” enables the userto access various system features, such as setting the date, time etc,or adjusting the brightness or contrast of the screen; “Quit” terminatesthe session; “Patients” enables the user to access any previously storeddata relating to other patients and tests already performed; “Prime”initiates the pump priming process; “Patient ID” enables the user toenter a patient identification number; and “Test” initiates a softwaresubroutine specific to the attached module to carry out the desired testprocedure. In the presently described embodiment, the software and userinterface associated with the “Prime,” “Utilities,” “Quit,” and “PatientID” selections are substantially the same for each software subroutine.The “Test” and “Patients” selections, however, are different for eachtest module. Each of these selections will be described in greaterdetail below.

[0066] As is illustrated in FIG. 8a, the first time the main menu isdisplayed both “Test” and “Prime” appear in a different color or shadefrom the other options, indicating that they are not currentlyavailable. This is to ensure that patient identification information isentered before proceeding with any priming or testing procedures. Theuser may select the “Patient ID” option by scrolling using theappropriate arrows on the input keypad 108. Following this selection thePatient ID screens appears 820 (FIG. 8b). In the illustrated embodiment,the patient ID consists of a nine digit integer. To enter the patientID, the user scrolls to a selected blank using the left and right arrowsand/or left and right arrows on the input keypad 108 (824) to selectdesired numbers. Once the desired number is selected, the user pressesENTER; the selected number will then appear in the rightmost blank.Subsequent numbers are selected as described above, and will appear inthe rightmost blank while previously selected numbers move to the left.This process is completed until all blanks are filled in. In oneembodiment, there is a default value for each blank, such as 0, and theuser may proceed with testing by accepting the default patient ID numberconsisting of all 0's. Once complete patient identification informationis entered, the user selects the “Main Menu” option 832, which returnsto the main menu screen. At this point, however, the “Prime” optionbecome available 834 (and “Patient ID” is no longer available).

[0067] Before performing any test that requires fluid to be infused intothe patient, priming operations must be performed to ensure that thefluid infusion lines (tubing) are filled with fluid and not air.Referring now to FIG. 8c, the user selects the “Prime” option 840 byusing the arrow keys to select the option, and then pressing the enterkey. The Prime screen then appears. According to one embodiment, thePrime screen includes two options as indicated at 842: “Prime” or “MainMenu.” In another embodiment, the Prime screen is particular to eachmodule, and may present only one option to initiate priming. Selectingthe Prime option causes the pump to start and run for a predeterminedamount of time, such as 20 seconds, and then automatically shuts off.The user is then presented with a screen 846 at which the user canaccept the prime as complete (MAIN), or choose to reprime (PRIME). Whenpriming is accepted as complete, the main menu once again appears, thistime with “Test” as an option 848. In another embodiment, primingoperations may be specifically tailored for different test modules. Forexample, as will be described in more detail below, the SUI test modulesincludes a hand actuator including an activation button 1118 or 1128.The system may be designed so that following display of the Primescreen, pump priming operations can be initiated by depressing theactivation button.

[0068] With priming complete, testing can begin. As indicated above,testing procedures depend on the attached test module, and accordingly,the software and graphical user interfaces relating to each test modulewill be discussed in greater detail below in conjunction with thedetailed description of each test module.

[0069] In an alternative embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG.9, the control device 102 is electrically coupled to a laptop/standardcomputer 900, and the microprocessor and associated software reside inthe computer.

[0070] As indicated above, the diagnostic system described herein hasparticular application to urodynamics in that it enables clinicians todiagnose a plurality of urinary incontinence problems when used withspecifically designed testing modules (to be discussed hereinafter). Asa miniaturized urodynamic tool, the control device 102 in conjunctionwith modules 104 can measure urethral resistance pressure (URP), voidingflow (Uroflometry), and bladder dysfunction (Cystometrogram (CMG)). Aswill be described further below, URP is a new and unique approach tourodynamic measurement of stress incontinence that is less invasive fora patient, and faster than currently known and used diagnostic tests.Uroflometry is the study of micturation over time. CMG is the study ofbladder or detrusor instability. A major advantage of the diagnosticsystem disclosed herein is that it can achieve all of the diagnostictests described above with a portable unit that can be used in anyoffice exam room, removing the need for the reservation or scheduling ofa specialized urodynamic room, and the need for the complex equipmentcurrently required for such tests. The urodynamic system is easy to useand does not require advance training. Use of the disclosed system makestesting more comfortable for patients by enabling faster set up, shortertest time, and less invasive procedures.

[0071] In actual use, different modules can be removably coupled to thecontrol device 102 to conduct these different urodynamic tests. Eachmodule performs a different and distinct test. These modules include,but are not limited to, a stress urinary incontinence (SUI) module formeasurement of urethral resistance pressure (URP); a simple CMG modulefor measurement of bladder instability; a complex CMG module formeasurement of bladder instability; and a uroflometry module for thestudy of micturation over time. Modules may be suitably adapted toeither male or female incontinence diagnosis.

[0072] Before proceeding with a discussion of individual test modules,to assist the reader a brief overview of the female urinary system willbe described with reference to FIG. 13. The female urinary system 1300includes an elongated urethral canal 1302 having a urethral meatus(entrance) 1304 and having a substantially circular-shaped urethralsphincter muscle 1306 attached thereto, and a bladder cavity 1308surrounded by a detrusor muscle 1310. The detrusor muscle 1310 alsosurrounds and supports the urethral canal 1302. The bladder cavity 1308is in close proximity to the abdominal wall 1312, the pubis bone 1314,the pelvic floor 1316 (levator ani muscle), the vaginal canal 1318, theclitoris 1320, the uterus 1322 and the anal sphincter muscle 1324.

[0073] Individual testing modules will now be described in detail.

Stress Urinary Incontinence Module

[0074] FIGS. 10-13 illustrate one embodiment of a stress urinaryincontinence testing module (SUI) 1000 for diagnosing the involuntaryloss of urine during physical activities such as coughing, sneezing,laughing or lifting. The SUI testing module 1000 includes a SUI modulehousing 1002 that can be removably coupled with the control device 102as described above. The module housing may be in the form of a plasticdisposable cartridge. Within the module housing is a tubing assembly1004 including a fluid inlet 1006, a fluid outlet 1008, and a firstfluid conduit 1010 extending therebetween. Tubing loop 1012 forms partof the tubing assembly and is positioned so that, when the SUI testingmodule is coupled to the control unit, the stator 1014 of the pumpdevice 118 in the control unit 102 cooperates physically with the tubingloop 1012 so that the pump device operates as a peristaltic pump to pumpfluid through the first fluid conduit 1010. To assist in this regard, atubing guide 599 aids in positioning a portion of the tubing assembly sothat it will properly and effectively engage the peristaltic pump.According to the illustrated embodiment, tubing guide 599 has asubstantially U-shaped configuration, however, many other configurationsare suitable, as the principles of operation of peristaltic pumps arewell known in the art. Tubing member 1050 also forms part of the firstfluid conduit. The module housing 1002 also includes a pressure chamber1016 for dampening pressure fluctuations that may be caused by operationof the pump device. The pressure chamber 1016 is in fluid communicationwith the first fluid conduit 1010 via valve openings 1018 a-c ofthree-way valve member 1020. The pressure chamber is filled primarilywith air, but varying amounts of fluid may also be present. Positionedat a distal end of pressure chamber 1016 is a filter component 1022designed to isolate fluid from electronic elements of the system 100. Inthis regard, filter 1022 may be a hydrophobic filter that allows air topass into pressure interface 1024, but not liquid. When the testingmodule is coupled to the control device 102, pressure interface 1024 isin physical contact with pressure transducer 128 of the control deviceso that pressure fluctuations within the pressure chamber 1016 andpressure interface 1024 can be transmitted to and sensed by the pressuretransducer, and subsequently transmitted to the electronics assembly asindicated above. In this manner, the control device measures pressurewithin the first fluid conduit of the tubing assembly of the SUI testingmodule, which substantially corresponds to the pressure within theurethral canal as described more fully below.

[0075] The SUI testing module 1000 tubing assembly also includes asecond tubing member 1025 having a channel therethrough forming a secondfluid conduit between a proximal end 1026 and a distal end 1028.

[0076] Referring now to FIGS. 11a-c, the SUI testing module may alsoinclude a hand actuator 1100 having and insert device such as a meatusplug device 1102 attached thereto. The meatus plug device 1102 (see FIG.12) includes an attachment member 1104 at a proximal end 1106 coupled toa plug or insert element or member 1108 at a distal end 1110, and achannel 1112 extending therethrough allowing fluid flowing through thefirst fluid conduit to flow through the meatus plug device. The distalend 1114 of the plug element may also include one or more transverselyaligned apertures or openings 1116 therein approximately equally spacedapart from one another around the exterior surface of the distal end. Asthe outer diameter of the distal end at the location of the apertures isless than the diameter of the inner wall of the urethral canal at thatlocation (described more fully below), one or more of the apertures 1116can be used for assurance of fluid flow into the urethra during actualoperation.

[0077] In one embodiment, the hand actuator further includes ahand-sized housing or casing 1102 including therein an initiator element1118 (FIGS. 11a-c) that is in fluid communication with tubing member1025. Preferably, initiator element is an air bladder 1097 coupled to adistal end 1028 of the tubing member 1025. The proximal end 1026 oftubing member 1025 coupled to a pressure interface 1026 a that ispositioned so that, when the SUI testing module is coupled to thecontrol device, pressure within tubing member 1025 can be sensed bypressure transducer 1030. As a closed system, pressure on the activationbutton 1118 can be sensed at the pressure interface 1026 a by pressuretransducer 1030, and interpreted by control device 102 as a signal toinitiate and/or deactivate the test.

[0078] The hand actuator 1100 further includes a fluid conduit 1050extending between an outlet 1195 and an inlet 1194 that is coupled to(integrally or otherwise) an external tubing conduit leading to a fluidsource, such as the first fluid conduit 1010 of the SUI test module.Alternatively, the hand actuator may be designed to include therein thefluid source. The fluid outlet 1195 is in fluid communication with theinsert member channel of the meatus plug device. An activation device1127 including a trigger 1128 extends through an opening 1118 a to anexterior of the casing. The activation device 1127 is movable between afirst rest position (shown) and a second activated position. In thefirst position spring 1130 exerts force on coupling member 1132, causingit to pivot relative to pivot element 953 and pinch the distal ends ofat least tubing member 1050 to prevent fluid flow therethrough. When inthe second position, movement of the trigger causes the coupling member1132 to pivot to a point at which it no longer pinches tubing member1050. Further, trigger 1128 may also compresses air bladder 1097 toinitiate testing as described above in connection with initiatorelement.

[0079] The plug element 1108 is configured so that, when inserted intothe urethral meatus of a patient (see FIG. 13), it will substantiallyblock or prevent fluid flow out of the urethra, as well as into theurethra other than through the meatus plug device channel 1112. Further,when inserted, the plug element is positioned distal of the urethralsphincter 1306 (toward the outside of the body) as shown in FIG. 13. Inthe embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the distal end or distal portion 1114of the plug element is substantially conical in shape, and decreases indiameter toward its distal end 1114. A proximal portion 1199 isconfigured to engage the inner wall of the urethral canal tosubstantially prevent fluid flow therebetween. Other shapes, however,are also possible so long as fluid flow into or out of the urethral issubstantially blocked (other than through the meatus plug devicechannel) and the plug element remains located distal of the urethralsphincter. The meatus plug device 1102 is made of a biocompatiblematerial, such as stainless steel or polypropylene. The meatus plugdevice may be disposable, but may also be made of a sterilizablematerial so that it can be reused.

[0080] The first fluid conduit 1010 of the tubing assembly also includesan elongated single lumen tubing member 1032 having a first end 1006 anda second end 1034 and a fluid channel extending therethrough. A spikedevice 1036 is coupled to the first end 1006 of the single lumen tubingmember for attachment to a fluid bag 1038 (having a fluid 1010 therein)in a manner well known in the art. As described above, the meatus plugdevice and first fluid conduit are coupled to one another such thatfluid from the fluid source traveling through the first fluid conduitmay pass through the insert member (via the channel therein) and intothe urethral canal distal of the urethral sphincter. Further, as thefirst pressure interface 1024 is in fluid communication with the firstfluid conduit and ultimately the urethral canal, pressure at thepressure interface substantially corresponds to the pressure within theurethral canal distal of the urethral sphincter.

[0081] Use of the system 100 including a SUI testing module 1000 is asfollows. First, the SUI testing module is removably coupled to thecontrol device 102 in the manner described above. The physical couplingcauses the identification probes 502 of the control unit to engage themodule identification element(s) 504 of the SUI testing module, enablingthe control device to identify the SUI testing module. The physicalcoupling also brings pressure interface 1024 in physical contact withpressure transducer 128 as described above so that pressure changes atthe pressure interface can be detected by the pressure transducer andtransmitted to the electronics assembly for interpretation. The pressureinterface 1026 a at the proximal end of tubing member 1025 similarlycomes in contact with pressure transducer 1030 so that pressure withintubing member 1025 can also be detected. Finally, the tubing loop 1012is brought into physical contact with the pump device 118 so that thepump device can drive fluid through the first fluid conduit byperistaltic motion, as described above.

[0082] As shown in FIG. 20, once the SUI testing module 1000 is coupledto the control device 102 (2010), the operator enters appropriate inputdata into the keypad 108 or other input device (2015) for the SUI test(described in more detail below). This data is received and interpretedby the microprocessor 710 and applicable information is sent by themicroprocessor to the display 110. Priming operations are then performed(2020) to ensure that the first fluid conduit 1010 contains fluid. Atthis point, the microprocessor is ready to start the test routine.

[0083] The meatus plug 1102 is inserted into the meatus of the urethra(2025) and the test is started (2030) by pressing the activation buttonas described above. This in turn sends instructions to the pump devicevia the integrated circuit. The pump device then pumps fluid 1040through the first fluid conduit 1010 and meatus plug device channel 1112and into the urethral canal distal of the urethral sphincter (2035). Asfluid pressure builds in the urethral canal 1302, pressure in thepressure chamber 1016 also builds. This pressure is transmitted throughthe filter component 1022 and pressure interface 1024 to the pressuretransducer 128, which receives the pressure data and transcribes it intoan electrical signal. The electrical signal from the pressure transduceris sent to the microprocessor 710 via the integrated circuit 702 whereit is acquired and conditioned. The information is then sent to thedisplay 110 via the integrated circuit. The microprocessor ends the testafter a specified amount of time, or upon receipt of input from the userby sending an “off” signal to the pump motor drive. Once the test hasbeen completed, the operator disengages the activation button 1118 (step2040) and removes the meatus plug element from the meatus 1304 (2045).

[0084] Referring once again to FIGS. 8a-i, and in particular FIG. 8d,when the “Test” option is selected the SUI test can be performed. TheSUI Test screen appears 860, and the user initiates the test bydepressing the trigger 1128 or movable shell 1126 (862) to allow fluidflow into the urethral canal as described above. The motor is thenactivated and the pump device pumps fluid into the urethral canal for apredetermined period of time, preferably 15 to 20 seconds. During thistime a graph (see 860) is continuously displayed illustrating measuredpressure on the vertical axis (preferably in cm of water) versus time onthe horizontal axis. As fluid is pumped into the urethral canal,pressure within the urethral canal distal of the sphincter continues toincrease until that point in time at which the urethral sphincter yields(open) under the force of the pressure within the urethral canal. Atthat point the pressure curve becomes substantially flat, as illustratedin FIG. 8d, since the sphincter is open and fluid is filling thebladder. The value of the flat portion of the curve is considered the“urethral resistance pressure (URP),” and can be obtained from thedisplayed graph. On completion of the test (after expiration of thepredetermined time period the pump device stops), the graph remains, andthe user is preferably provided with an option to adjust the softwaregenerated URP value (860 a) before saving the test results. To adjustthe URP value, the user uses the up and down arrows to manipulate ahorizontal line which indicates the URP value that appears on the screen(870). When the ghost line is at the desired value, the user pressesenter (872).

[0085] Once the final URP value is displayed, a Save/Delete screen 874is overlayed on the screen. If the user selects the “Save” option, thetest results are saved in memory. If the user selects “Delete” from theSave/Delete screen 874, the user is then presented with the Save Testscreen 876. If “Delete” is chosen the test is deleted, but if “Cancel”is selected, the user is returned to the Save/Delete screen.

[0086] According to one embodiment, test results for up to three out ofsix possible tests may be stored. Once three tests have been stored orsix tests have been run, whichever comes first, the control unit 102will disable the module identification component 504 via theidentification probes 502. After testing is complete, the user mayreturn to the main menu by selecting the “Menu” option from the TestComplete screen.

[0087] One option available from the Main Menu, as stated above, it“Patients,” which allows the user to access patient and test datapreviously stored. According to one embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8h,when “Patients” is selected from the Main Menu, a Patients Screen 891appears. On this screen, options for each patient and test for whichdata has been stored 892 are presented and selection of one of theseoptions causes a Patient Test Menu 893 to be displayed (FIG. 8i).Selecting “Delete” 896 will present the user with the option to deletethe stored data for that patient/test, and selecting “Print” 895 willenable the user to print the stored data. The Print option will only beavailable (will not be greyed out) when the control device is coupled toa cradle, or otherwise appropriately coupled to a printer. Selecting“View Test” will cause a Patients Test screen 898 or 899 to appeardepending on whether stored data is a CMG (898) or a SUI (899) data set.The Patients Test screen may vary depending on the test module that isattached. For example, for the SUI stored data, the Patients Test screenis the screen illustrated by 899, whereas for the CMG data (discussedbelow), the Patients Test screen is the screen illustrated by 898. ThePatients Test screens provide the user with the option to view datarelevant to the particular form of test performed.

[0088] As indicated above, the results obtained from the SUI test is theurethral resistance pressure (URP), which is the back-pressure necessaryto force open the urethral sphincter muscle 1306 from the reverse oropposite direction from which fluid normally flows. A major advantage ofthe SUI testing module 1000 is that the insert or plug element 1108 ofthe meatus plug device 1102 only enters the external urethral canal(meatus) and does not cause any discomfort associated with passing acatheter through the internal urethral sphincter. Thus, the diagnosticsystem disclosed herein having a SUI module 1000 is less invasive andmore comfortable for patients. Further, the testing procedure for theSUI module 1000 is easy to implement, quick to perform, and does notrequire advance training by the clinician and/or physician.

Simple Cystometrogram (CMG)

[0089] The diagnostic system disclosed herein can also be used toperform both simple and complex cystometrograms. FIGS. 14-19 show bothsimple (SCMG) and complex cystometry (CCMG) systems for the testing ofbladder function in which pressure and volume of fluid in the bladdercavity 1308 is measured during filling, storage and voiding. Urologiststypically measure the static pressure relationship in the bladder ofpatients, this being termed as a cystometrogram (CMG), in order todetermine the capacitance of the bladder as a function of pressure andvolume.

[0090] Referring now to FIG. 14, the SCMG testing module 1400 includes amodule housing 1020 b that can be removably coupled to the controldevice 102 in the manner described above. The module housing 1020 b maybe in the form of a plastic disposable cartridge. The SCMG testingmodule contains many elements that are similar to those described abovein connection with the SUI testing module, and thus like numerals willbe used for these elements. Contained within the module housing istubing assembly 1004 b including a first fluid conduit 1402 betweenfluid inlet 1404 and fluid outlet 1406. The tubing assembly alsoincludes a second conduit 1408 between a distal end 1410 and a proximalend 1412. Coupled to the proximal end is a filter 1022 b and pressureinterface 1412 that contacts pressure transducer 128 to convey pressureinformation thereto when the SCMG testing module is coupled to thecontrol device. Compliant tubing loop 1012 similarly forms part of thefirst fluid conduit, and couples with the pump device 118 in the samemanner as described above in connection with the SUI module. The distalends 1406, 1410 of the first and second conduits are each coupled torespective proximal ends 1414, 1416 of first and second tubing elements1418, 1420 of a dual lumen catheter 1422 so that the first and secondconduits 1402, 1408 between the proximal 1414, 1416, and distal 1460,1462 end of the dual lumen catheter are in fluid communication withchannels in the first and second tubing elements 1418, 1420 of the duallumen catheter 1422. This attachment may be accomplished by an adhesivebond, a solvent bond, an ultrasonic weld, or any other suitable type ofattachment that creates a fluid tight seal. In another embodiment, thedual lumen catheter is an inflatable balloon catheter such as aFoley-type catheter, that includes a pressure sensor 1424 positioned atthe tip of the catheter (see FIG. 16). Any other suitable catheter mayalso be used, such as fiber optic or air charged catheters. The pressuresensor may be a micro tip transducer, an air charged sensor, a fluidcharged sensor, a fiber optic sensor or any other pressure measuringsensor.

[0091] Use of the diagnostic system to perform a SCMG will now bedescribed in detail with reference to FIGS. 15, 16 and 21. First, theSCMG testing module is coupled to the control device in the mannerdescribed above (2110). The physical connection causes theidentification probes 502 of the control unit to engage the moduleidentification element(s) 504 of the SCMG testing module, enabling thecontrol device to identify the SCMG testing module in the mannerdescribed above. The physical coupling also brings the pressureinterface 1024 b in contact with the pressure transducer 128 so thatpressure changes in the second fluid conduit can be detected by thepressure transducer. This coupling also causes the tubing loop 1012 toengage the pump device so that the pump can drive fluid through thetubing loop by peristaltic motion, as is also described above.

[0092] Once the SCMG testing module 1400 is coupled to the controldevice 102, the operator enters input data appropriate for the SCMG test(2115). This data is received and interpreted by the microprocessor 710and applicable information is sent by the microprocessor to the display110. Priming operations are then performed (2120). At this point, themicroprocessor is ready to start the test routine.

[0093] The dual lumen catheter 1422 is then inserted into the bladder1308 (2125) via the urethra 1304 and the test is started by pressing theinput pendant switches 124 (2130). The microprocessor 710 receives thesignal from the input pendant switches. Instructions are then sent tothe pump device 118 via the integrated circuit 702. The pump device thenpumps fluid through the first fluid conduit 1402 and tubing element 1418into the bladder (2135). As fluid volume builds in the bladder, pressurein the bladder also builds. This pressure is transmitted through tubingmember 1420 and the second conduit 1408, filter component 1022 b, andpressure interface 1024 b. The pressure transducer 128 receives thepressure data and transcribes it into an electrical signal. Theelectrical signal from the pressure transducer 128 is sent to themicroprocessor 710 via the integrated circuit board 702 where it isacquired and conditioned. During the course of a typical SCMG test, thepatient provides event input, such as feeling the need to void and/orthe intensity of that feeling, which is input to the control device viainput pendant switches 124, as will be described more fully below. Themicroprocessor ends the test (2140) after a specified amount of time, orupon receipt of an “off” signal from input pendant switch 124. Once thetest has been completed, the operator and removes the catheter 1422 fromthe bladder (2145). Following the test the software then exits the SCMGtest subroutine, and the data storage routine is run to store and/ordisplay results of the test.

[0094] Referring again to FIGS. 8a-i, and in particular FIG. 8e, whenthe “Test” option is selected the SCMG test can be performed. The SCMGTest screen appears 870 a, and the user initiates the test by depressinginput pendant switch 124 (see FIG. 10a) quickly. The pump device is thenactivated and pumping begins 872 a. In a preferred embodiment, fluid isinfused into the patient's bladder at a rate of approximately 1 ml/sec.As such, this test may be approximately 16 minutes in duration, asopposed to approximately 15-20 seconds that may be required for the SUItest.

[0095] As the bladder is filling, the patient communicates the point intime at which he/she feels the initial sensation of needing to void, andthe user presses the input pendant switch 124 to mark this point in time873 a. The fluid infusion continues, and the user then marks the pointin time at which the patient feels the urge to void 874 a, and the pointat which the patient feels an extreme, almost unbearable urge to void875 a, or has voided. Upon this third marking, the fluid infusion ceasesand the test is completed 876 a. During fluid infusion and after thetest is complete, a graph is displayed illustrating pressure versusvolume infused. After completion of the test a Save/Delete overlay 877appears. Selecting “Save” and pressing enter saves the test data.Selecting “Delete” causes a Save/Delete screen 878 overlay to appear.Selecting “Delete” from this screen deletes the data, where as selecting“Cancel” from this screen returns to the Save/Delete overlay.

[0096] At any point between initiating pumping and completing the SCMGtest, the user may pause the test by depressing and holding, or pressingfirmly on the input pendant switch 880, which causes the pump device tostop pumping fluid into the patient's bladder, and a Pause screen 881(FIG. 8f) to appear on the display. Selecting “Quit” causes a End Testscreen 885 to appear, and if “OK” is selected the test is stopped 886.If “Cancel” is selected the Pause screen reappears. If “Resume” 883 isselected from the Pause screen 881, the SCMG test resumes where it leftoff (pumping begins again). If, however, “LPP” 882 is selected from thePause screen 881, assessment of the patient's leak point pressure (LPP)begins. No pumping of fluid occurs during this test. First, a LPP screen887 appears and a blank graph is displayed. Pressure in centimeters ofwater is plotted on the vertical axis versus time on the horizontalaxis. The patient then proceeds to exert pressure on the bladder as ifattempting to void 888. The user marks the point at which a leak occurs889, and the test is automatically completed after three minutes orthree leaks, upon which the user is returned to the Pause screen 881.LPP results may then be stored or deleted, the CMG test may be resumed,or the test can be terminated altogether.

Complex Cystometrogram

[0097] In reference to FIGS. 17-19, the complex CMG (CCMG) testingmodule 1700 is similar to the SCMG testing module, but the tubingassembly also includes an additional single lumen tubing member 1702having a proximal end 1704 and a distal end 1706 and a third conduitextending therethrough. The proximal end 1704 of the single lumen tubingmember is coupled to another filter component 1022 c and pressureinterface 1024 c. Pressure interface 1024 c contacts pressure transducer1030 when the CCMG testing module is coupled to the control device,enabling pressure transducer 1030 to sense pressure within the thirdfluid conduit.

[0098] Use of the diagnostic system to perform a CCMG will now bedescribed in detail with reference to FIGS. 18, 19 and 22. First, theCCMG module is coupled to the control device (2210). The physicalconnection causes the identification probes 502 of the control device102 to engage the identification elements 504 of the CCMG testingmodule, enabling the control device to identify the CCMG testing module.The physical coupling also brings pressure interfaces 1024 b, 1024 c incontact with the pressure transducers 128, 1030 so that pressure changesin the second and third conduits can be detected by the pressuretransducers. This coupling also causes the tubing loop 1012 to engagethe pump device 118 so that the pump can drive fluid through the tubingin the CCMG module.

[0099] Once the CCMG testing module 1700 is coupled to the controldevice 102, the operator enters input data appropriate for the CCMG test(2215). This data is received and interpreted by the microprocessor 710and applicable information is sent by the microprocessor to the display110. Priming operations are then performed (2220

[0100] The dual lumen catheter 1422 is inserted into the bladder via theurethra 1302 (2225). The single lumen catheter 1702 is inserted intoeither the vagina or the rectum (2230) and the test is started (2235) bypressing the input pendant switches 124. The microprocessor 710 receivesthe signal from the input pendant switches. This in turn sendsinstructions to the pump device 118 via the integrated circuit 702, andthe pump device pumps fluid through the first tubing conduit 1042 andtubing element 1418 into the bladder (2240). As fluid volume builds inthe bladder, pressure in the bladder also builds. This pressure istransmitted through pressure interface 1024 b to pressure transducer128. Similarly, abdominal pressure is transmitted through pressureinterface 1024 c to pressure transducer 1030. The pressure transducersreceive the pressure data and transcribe it into electrical signals. Theelectrical signals are sent to the microprocessor 710 via the integratedcircuit board 702 where it is acquired and conditioned. Themicroprocessor ends the test after a specified amount of time or uponreceipt of an “off” signal from input pendant switches 124 (2245). Oncethe test has been completed, the operator disengages the input pendantswitches and removes the catheters 1422 and 1702 from the bladder(2250). The stored information is then available for review on thedisplay screen, or by a print out through a charging cradle (printerassembly), or downloaded to a PC via a software interface in thecharging cradle.

[0101] Referring again to FIGS. 8a-i, the CCMG module softwaresubroutine and graphical user interface is substantially as described inconnection with the SCMG module. The system subtracts the abdominalpressure from the bladder pressure to calculate detrusor (bladdermuscle) pressure. Detrusor pressure is then plotted against volume.

[0102] Both the SCMG and CCMG testing modules 1400 and 1700 provide asimple, relatively low cost procedure for recording a cystometrogram(CMG). The SCMG and CCMG testing modules are sterile, disposableassemblies that eliminate the need to disinfect equipment prior to use.This, together with a relatively simple set-up and operational procedureby the physician, greatly reduces the time required to obtain theurodynamic data. The SCMG and CCMG testing modules are more comfortablefor the female patient and are more cost effective for the physician.The simplicity of the SCMG and CCMG testing modules, and the controldevice 102 allows operation with minimal training. Further, whencombined in operational use with the SUI testing module 1000, thesemodules provide a near complete urodynamic diagnostic tool for thephysician.

Uroflometry

[0103] A uroflometry testing module 2400 can also be removably coupledto control device 102. The module housing of the uroflometry testingmodule 2400 may be in the form of a plastic disposable cartridge. Asshown in FIGS. 24 and 25, the Uroflometry testing module 2400 includes asingle lumen tubing member 2402 having a proximal end 2404 and a distalend 2406 and a channel extending substantially therethrough. A balloon2408 or other suitable elastomeric element is coupled to the distal end2406, however, so that the channel of the single lumen tubing member isnot open at the distal end. A pressure cushion may also be used in placeof the balloon. A collection bucket 2410 is positioned on top of theballoon. The inner surface of the collection bucket may also contain aurinalysis strip which, when wetted by the voided urine, allows forquantitative assessment of standard urinalysis parameters

[0104] The diagnostic system including the Uroflometry testing module isoperated as follows. The collection bucket is positioned under a commode2412 to collect urine as the patient voids. Balloon is positionedrelative to the bucket so that it substantially supports the bucket. Asthe bucket fills the pressure in the balloon rises proportionately tothe weight of the fluid. When the testing module is coupled to thecontrol device, the proximal end 2404 of the single lumen tubing member2402 contacts the pressure transducer 128 of the control device 102 sothat the pressure within the balloon can be captured and interpreted bythe control device. The pressure data is used to calculate the weightand volume of the fluid (known fluid density). The stored information isthen available for review on the display screen, or by a printoutthrough a charging cradle (printer assembly), or downloaded to a PC viaa software interface in the charging cradle. Once the test has beencompleted, the operator disengages the input pendant switches 124, andthe urine and collection bucket are discarded.

[0105] Operation of the Uroflometry module software subroutine isillustrated in FIGS. 8a-b. Following module detection 802 and a commandto execute the UroFlow Module Subroutine 804, the UroFlow modulesubroutine begins. The operator is prompted to Enter UroFlow PatientData 840 necessary for the UroFlow test routine. Once the patient datais collected a UroFlow Scale Zeroing Procedure 841 runs. The operatorthen enters information necessary to initiate the UroFlow test (UroFlowTest I/O) and the test is started 842. Following the test the softwarethen exits the UroFlow test subroutine and stores the data collected inthe Data Storage routine.

Vaginal Speculum

[0106] FIGS. 26-28 illustrate a vaginal speculum assembly 2600 for usein the reduction of vaginal prolapse when performing female urodynamictesting, as previously discussed. Uterine or vaginal prolapse occurswhen the uterus or pelvic organs drop or become displaced because ofweakened pelvic muscles. Prolapse must be reduced to effectively performurodynamic tests to ensure that no underlying stress urinaryincontinence symptoms are masked by the pressure of the vaginalprolapse, which may cause distortion or kinking of the urethral canal.The vaginal speculum assembly 2600 will permit the clinician orphysician to perform a urodynamic test procedure with one hand whilestill reducing vaginal prolapse, as well as properly position the meatusplug device or other catheter within the urethral canal. This prolapsemaneuver using the vaginal speculum assembly 2600 during urodynamictesting is especially important prior to surgical repair of the vaginalprolapse, as an undiagnosed case of stress urinary incontinence maysurface following prolapse surgery. The urodynamic testing beingperformed using the vaginal speculum assembly in this manner allows thesurgeon to determine if additional stress urinary incontinence (SUI)surgery should be performed at the time of prolapse repair.

[0107] Current medical practice calls for the use of a vaginal speculumsecured in place in order to reduce the prolapse. For example, U.S. Pat.Nos. 5,997,474 and 6,048,308 describe specula specifically designed forvaginal examination and treatment. U.S. Pat. No. 6,120,438 discloses avaginal retractor device designed to hold back the vaginal wall duringan exam or surgical procedure. Often, surgical tape is necessary to holdthe speculum in place, as the physician's hands cannot hold the speculumin place while performing a particular urodynamic procedure. None of theprior art speculum devices integrate the use of urodynamic equipment.

[0108] With reference to FIGS. 26 and 27, the vaginal speculum assembly2600 includes a connector member 2602 for coupling an insertion deviceassembly, such as a meatus plug device 1102, or catheter 1422 andrelated elements to the vaginal speculum. The vaginal speculum can be ofany type well known in the art. In the illustrated embodiment, thevaginal speculum includes an upper arm 2604, a lower arm 2606, and ahinge member 2608 for joining the upper and lower arms together. Thevaginal speculum also includes a handled member 2610 being integrallyattached, and preferably substantially perpendicular aligned to thelower arm. The vaginal speculum 2600 further includes a locking bardevice 2612 connected to the upper arm 2606 for locking the upper andlower arms in an open position, as shown in FIG. 28. The upper arm 2604includes a posterior end 2614 with a pair of arm mounting openings 2616therein. The connector member 2602 includes a flexible band 2618. Theflexible band at one end 2620 includes a pair of mounting openings 2622and at the other end 2624 a connector element 2626. The mountingopenings 2622 of the flexible band 2618 are aligned with the armmounting openings 2616 of the upper arm for receiving a pair of mountingscrews 2628 therein in order to attach the connector member 2602 to thevaginal speculum 2600. During use, the connector element can be coupledto the meatus plug device or catheter as shown in FIG. 26.

[0109] Although a particular embodiment of the connector member 2602 isillustrated and described herein, those skilled in the art willrecognize that various other embodiments are also possible to provide ameans by which to removably couple a device that is inserted into theurethral canal to the speculum so as to hold it in place within thepatient.

[0110] In operation, the vaginal speculum assembly 2600 can becooperatively used in conjunction with the urodynamic system disclosedherein. For example, it may be used in conjunction with a urodynamicsystem including a SUI testing module 1000 in the performance of theurodynamic testing procedure for stress urinary incontinence (SUI), suchas the measuring of urethral resistance pressure (URP) as previouslydescribed. In reference to FIG. 28, the physician positions the vaginalspeculum assembly 2600, such that it is fully inserted within vaginalcanal 2650 wherein the upper and lower arms 2604, 2606 are fully openedand pressed against the vaginal walls 2650 w for reducing the patient'svaginal prolapse. The physical then locks the upper and lower arms ofthe vaginal speculum in the fully opened configuration (see FIG. 28) viathe locking bar device 2612, and adjusts the connector member 2602 sothat the insert member will be aligned with the urethral canal. Theremaining operational steps are exactly the same as the operationalsteps described above in connection with individual testing modules.

[0111] Although the portable medical system disclosed herein has beendescribed in conjunction with diagnostic testing, it is to be understoodthat the system can also be used in conjunction with therapies and/orsurgical procedures for treating urinary incontinence, such as placementof a sling, placement of bulking agents, shrinkage of tissue etc. Inthis regard, the testing described herein can be used before, duringand/or after these procedures to ensure success of the procedures, forexample, to ensure correct placement and/or tensioning of a sling.

[0112] Although exemplary embodiments and methods for use have beendescribed in detail above, those skilled in the art will understand thatmany variations are possible without departing from the spirit and scopeof the invention, which is limited only by the appended claims.

[0113] possible without departing from the spirit and scope of theinvention, which is limited only by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A system for assessing urinary functioncomprising: a processor; a tubing assembly forming a first fluid conduitbetween a first fluid inlet and a first fluid outlet; an insert memberhaving a channel therethrough and coupled to the first fluid outlet sothat fluid flowing through the first fluid conduit may flow through theinsert member, the insert member being dimensioned for at least partialinsertion into a patient's urethral canal distal of the patient'surethral sphincter, and being dimensioned so that, when inserted, itsubstantially blocks fluid flow into or out of the urethral canal otherthan through the insert member channel; a fluid delivery deviceelectrically coupled to and controlled by the processor, and coupled tothe first fluid conduit for pumping fluid therethrough; and a detectionsystem for detecting resistance of the urethral sphincter as fluid isinfused therein.
 2. The system according to claim 1, wherein thedetection system is a pressure detection system for detecting pressurewithin the urethral canal distal of the urethral sphincter and providinginformation correlating to the detected pressure to the processor. 3.The system according to claim 2, wherein the pressure detection systemis in fluid communication with the first fluid conduit at a locationsuch that pressure within the first fluid conduit substantiallycorrelates to pressure within the urethral canal distal of the urethralsphincter.
 4. The system according to claim 3, wherein the pressuredetection system further comprises a pressure interface in fluidcommunication with the first fluid conduit, and a pressure sensorelectrically coupled to the processor, wherein the pressure interface isin contract with the pressure sensor and provides pressure informationthereto.
 5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the pressuredetection system detects Urethral Resistance Pressure.
 6. The systemaccording to claim 1, wherein the fluid delivery device is a peristalticpump.
 7. The system according to claim 1, further comprising a fluidsource coupled to the fluid inlet, wherein the fluid delivery devicedelivers fluid from the fluid source, through the first fluid conduitand insert member channel and into the patient's urethral canal.
 8. Thesystem according to claim 1, further comprising a display deviceelectrically coupled to the processor and capable of displaying data. 9.The system according to claim 8, wherein pressure detected by thepressure detection system is displayed on the display device.
 10. Thesystem according to claim 9, wherein the pressure detection systemfurther comprises a pressure interface in fluid communication with thefirst fluid conduit, and a pressure sensor electrically coupled to theprocessor, wherein the pressure interface is in contact with thepressure sensor and provides pressure information thereto.
 11. Thesystem according to claim 1, wherein the pressure detection systemdetects Urethral Resistance Pressure, and wherein the UrethralResistance Pressure is displayed on the display device.
 12. The systemaccording to claim 1, wherein an outer surface of at least a distalportion of the insert member is substantially conical in shape.
 13. Thesystem according to claim 1, wherein the insert member channel furthercomprises an insert member channel inlet at a proximal end, and aninsert member channel outlet at a distal end including a pluralityapertures spaced apart about an outer surface of the distal end of theinsert member.
 14. A system for assessing urinary function comprising: acontrol device including a processor and pump device electricallycoupled to and controlled by the processor; a test module removablycoupled to the control device and including a tubing assembly includinga first fluid conduit between a first fluid inlet and a first fluidoutlet; an insert member coupled to the first fluid outlet and having achannel therethrough in communication with the first fluid conduit suchthat fluid flowing through the first fluid conduit may flow through theinsert member, the insert member being dimensioned for at least partialinsertion into a patient's urethral canal at a location distal of thepatient's urethral sphincter, and dimensioned to substantially blockfluid flow into and out of the urethral canal other than through theinsert member channel; and a detection system for detecting resistanceof the urethral sphincter as fluid is infused therein; wherein the pumpdevice is coupled with the first fluid conduit and capable of pumpingfluid through the first fluid conduit and insert member channel and intothe urethral canal distal of the urethral sphincter
 15. The systemaccording to claim 14, wherein the detection system is a pressuredetection system capable of detecting pressure within the urethral canaldistal of the urethral sphincter as fluid is pumped therein.
 16. Thesystem according to claim 15, wherein the pressure detection system isin fluid communication with the first fluid conduit.
 17. The systemaccording to claim 16, wherein the pressure detection system furthercomprises a pressure interface in fluid communication with the firstfluid conduit, and a pressure sensor electrically coupled to theprocessor, wherein the pressure interface is in contact with thepressure sensor and provides pressure information thereto.
 18. Thesystem according to claim 14, wherein the pressure detection systemdetects Urethral Resistance Pressure.
 19. The system according to claim15, further comprising a display device electrically coupled to theprocessor and capable of displaying data.
 20. The system according toclaim 19, wherein pressure detected by the pressure detection system isdisplayed on the display device.
 21. The system according to claim 20,wherein the pressure detection system further comprises a pressureinterface in fluid communication with the first fluid conduit, and apressure sensor electrically coupled to the processor, wherein thepressure interface is in contact with the pressure sensor and providespressure information thereto.
 22. The system according to claim 21,wherein the pressure information includes Urethral Resistance Pressureinformation, and wherein the Urethral Resistance Pressure information isdisplayed on the display device.
 23. A method for assessing urinaryfunction comprising the steps of: coupling a test module to a controldevice, the test module including a tubing assembly having a first fluidconduit between a first fluid inlet and a first fluid outlet, and aninsert member coupled to the first fluid outlet and having a channeltherethrough in communication with the first fluid conduit so that fluidflowing through the first fluid conduit can flow through the insertmember; coupling the first fluid inlet to a fluid source; inserting theinsert member at least partially into a patient's urethral canal at alocation distal of the urethral sphincter so as to substantially blockfluid flow into or out of the urethral canal other than through theinsert member channel; infusing fluid from the fluid source into theurethral canal through the first fluid conduit and insert member untilthe urethral sphincter opens; and measuring the resistance of theurethral sphincter at a location distal of the urethral sphincter asfluid is being infused therein.
 24. The method according to claim 23,wherein the step of measuring the resistance includes measuring thepressure within the urethral canal distal of the urethral sphincter asfluid is being infused therein.
 25. The method according to claim 23,wherein the coupling step further comprises coupling the first fluidconduit with a pump device in the control device, and the infusing stepfurther comprises activating the pump device to thereby cause fluid tobe infused from the fluid source through the first fluid conduit andinsert member channel.
 26. The method according to claim 23, wherein thepump device is a peristaltic pump.
 27. The method according to claim 24,wherein the test module further includes a pressure interface in fluidcommunication with the first fluid conduit, and the coupling stepfurther comprises coupling the pressure interface with a pressure sensorin the control device so as to enable the pressure interface to transmitpressure information thereto.
 28. The method according to claim 24,further comprising the step of transmitting pressure information fromthe pressure interface to the pressure sensor, wherein the pressureinformation includes Urethral Resistance Pressure information.
 29. Themethod according to claim 28, further comprising the step of displayingthe Urethral Resistance Pressure information on a display device. 30.The method according to claim 23, wherein an outer surface of at least adistal portion of the insert member is substantially conical in shape.31. The method according to claim 23, wherein the insert member channelfurther comprises an insert member channel inlet at a proximal end, andan insert member channel outlet at a distal end including a pluralityapertures spaced apart about an outer surface of the distal end of theinsert member.
 32. The method according to claim 24, wherein themeasuring step further comprises measuring Urethral Resistance Pressure.33. The method according to claim 32, further comprising displayingUrethral Resistance Pressure information on a display device.
 34. Amethod for assessing urinary function comprising the steps of: insertingan insert member having a channel therethrough at least partially into apatient's urethral canal at a location distal of the urethral sphincter,the insert member being dimensioned to substantially block fluid flowinto and out of the urethral canal other than through the insert memberchannel; infusing fluid from a fluid source through the insert memberchannel and into the urethral canal at a location distal of thepatient's urethral sphincter until the urethral sphincter opens;measuring pressure within the urethral canal at a location distal of theurethral sphincter as fluid is being infused therein; and providing datacorrelating to the measured pressure to a processor.
 35. The methodaccording to claim 34, further comprising the step of displaying datacorrelating to the measured pressure versus time on a display device.36. The method according to claim 35 wherein the data correlates to theUrethral Resistance Pressure.
 37. A test module for coupling with acontrol device, comprising: a test module housing including a pluralityof tabs projecting therefrom, the tabs being configured for engagementwith the control device; a tubing assembly located at least partiallywithin the test module housing and including a first fluid conduitbetween a first fluid inlet and a first fluid outlet; and an insertmember dimensioned for insertion into a patient's urethral canal distalof the patient's urethral sphincter, the insertion member being coupledto the first fluid outlet and having a channel therethrough incommunication with the first fluid outlet so that fluid flowing throughthe first fluid conduit may flow through the insert member, and beingdimensioned to substantially block fluid flow into or out of theurethral canal other than through the insert member channel.
 38. Thetest module according to claim 37, wherein an outer surface of at leasta distal portion of the insert member is substantially conical in shape.39. The test module according to claim 37, wherein the insert memberchannel further comprises an insert member channel inlet at a proximalend, and an insert member channel outlet at a distal end including aplurality apertures spaced apart about an outer surface of the distalend of the insert member.
 40. The test module according to claim 37,further comprising a tubing guide for positioning at least a portion ofthe first fluid conduit of the tubing assembly, wherein the tubing guidepositions said portion of the first fluid conduit to engage a pumpdevice in the control device when the test module is coupled thereto.41. The test module according to claim 40, wherein the tubing guidepositions said portion of the first fluid conduit in a substantiallyU-shaped configuration.
 42. The test module according to claim 37,further comprising a pressure interface in fluid communication with thefirst fluid conduit, wherein a pressure at the pressure interfacesubstantially correlates to a pressure within the first fluid conduit.43. The test module according to claim 42, wherein the test modulehousing has a first port therein dimensioned to receive a pressuresensor associated with the control device, and wherein the pressureinterface is positioned within the first port.
 44. A test module forcoupling with a control device having a pressure sensor comprising: atubing assembly defining a first fluid conduit between a first fluidinlet capable of being coupled with a fluid source and a first fluidoutlet; an insert member coupled to the first fluid outlet and having achannel therethrough in communication with the first fluid conduit suchthat fluid flowing through the first fluid conduit may flow through theinsert member, the insert member being dimensioned for at least partialinsertion into a patient's urethral canal distal of the patient'surethral sphincter, and dimensioned to substantially block fluid flowinto or out of the urethral canal other than through the insert memberchannel; and a pressure interface in fluid communication with the firstfluid conduit, wherein when the test module is coupled to the controldevice, the pressure interface provides pressure information to thecontrol device pressure sensor.
 45. The test module according to claim44, wherein an outer surface of at least a distal portion of the insertmember is substantially conical in shape.
 46. The system according toclaim 44, wherein the insert member channel further comprises an insertmember channel inlet at a proximal end, and an insert member channeloutlet at a distal end including a plurality apertures spaced apartabout an outer surface of the distal end of the insert member form. 47.The test module according to claim 44, further comprising a tubing guidefor positioning at least a portion of the first fluid conduit of thetubing assembly, wherein the tubing guide positions said portion of thefirst fluid conduit to engage a pump device in the control device whenthe test module is coupled thereto.
 48. The test module according toclaim 47, wherein the tubing guide positions said portion of the firstfluid conduit in a substantially U-shaped configuration.
 49. The testmodule according to claim 44, wherein the test module housing has afirst port therein dimensioned to receive the control device pressuresensor, and wherein the pressure interface is positioned within thefirst port so that when the pressure sensor is received therein thepressure interface contacts the pressure sensor to transmit pressureinformation thereto.